DISLOCATION OF THE TMJ DISC AS A RESULT OF THE LATERAL DISPLACEMENT OF THE MANDIBLE

Abstract

Subject. Questions of diagnostics and revealing of the reasons of temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are very significant now. Realities of modern stomatology have a significant impact, namely, use of materials with high durability and rigidity, widely available of total restorations and orthodontic treatment, insufficiency of the high-grade diagnostics of maxillofacial pathology for revealing latent, compensated TMJ disorders before stomatologic intervention. All these factors leads to occurrence of patients with the expressed, developed semiology. The purpose. To consider interrelation of various occlusion derangements, lateral displacement of the mandible and internal TMJ disorders (or dislocations of the TMJ disc, intraarticulate elements). Methodology. The estimation of frequency of occurrence of TMJ disc dislocations according to literary sources is carried out, various etiological factors of internal TMJ disorders are considered, in particular, some types of pathological occlusion, which may have an essential impact on the violation of the ratio of intraarticulate elements. Two clinical cases of patients with TMJ disorders with similar semiology and presence of transversal malocclusion due to improper jaws growth and presence of the acquired pathology as result of stomatologic intervention as an example. Results of research. According to the domestic and foreign literature the role of occlusion factors in development of TMJ disorders is represents approximately 10―20 %, however there are researches by types of occlusal disorders which almost always lead to those or other TMJ disorders. Conclusion. It is revealed, that transversal malocclusion most often provokes TMJ dysfunction and internal joint disorders. In the future it is planned to reveal occlusal factors which able to provoke the development of TMJ disorders with high probability, mechanism of their influence and methods of revealing.