Affiliation:
1. Moscow State Medical and Dental University named after A.I. Evdokimov
2. Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A. I. Evdokimov
3. Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
Abstract
Subject. Various options for internal connections of implants, abutments and screws have biomechanical features that affect the success of implant treatment.
All structures of the implant system, including the internal connection, are subjected to masticatory stress. The most favorable location of the implant is the position coaxial to the occlusal load. However, in many clinical cases, due to anatomical limitations and the presence of contraindications for osteoplastic surgery, it becomes necessary to install implants at an angle.
At present, angular dental implants are being successfully introduced in dental practice - implants with an orthopedic platform located at an angle to the axis of the implant and a fixing screw shaft.
A clear understanding of the features of stress distribution within various types of implant connections allows you to optimize planning and treatment, thereby reducing the risk of complications.
Purpose. To study the features of stress distribution in implant systems with different designs of connections between an implant located at an angle, a screw and a suprastructure.
Methods. A study of the stress-strain state of implant systems was carried out using the finite element analysis method when using straight and angled implants for dental orthopedic treatment using non-removable structures.
Results. Peak stress values for models with a direct implant with different options for the direction of the occlusal load varied from 43 to 45 MPa. For the model with the use of an angled implant, the maximum stresses reached 70 MPa under a coaxial load, and 265 MPa under an angled load.
Conclusions. It is shown that the different structure of the inner connection largely affects both the localization and the absolute value of the maximum stresses. In the case of a model with a straight implant, the maximum stress values are significantly lower than the fatigue failure limits; when considering a model with an angled implant, the maximum stress values and their localization are comparable to the fatigue strength value under certain load directions, which can potentially lead to damage in the internal connection of the implant.