Affiliation:
1. Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Abstract
Sport activity are associated with significant physical and psychological stress and determine the relevance of monitoring the conditions for sports, studying the health of athletes and their regime. The purpose of the study: to study the sanitary and hygienic conditions in sports schools, the features of the daily routine and lifestyle of young athletes and their psycho-emotional state. Materials and methods. The analysis includes data from a study of 70 girls aged 13–15 who are engaged in rhythmic gymnastics. We used methods of sanitary and hygienic research, questionnaires, methods for identifying the level of situational and personal anxiety (Spielberger C. D.) and competitive anxiety (R. Martens), a questionnaire for studying one’s own reaction to stressful events (Greenberg). Results. The number of violations of sanitary and hygienic requirements for the conditions of sports activities have been identified. The most common violations of the day-lack of sleep and stay in the fresh air, a high amount of training load. Moderate personal anxiety was detected in 76 % of athletes, 7 % of respondents — low anxiety, 17 % — high personal anxiety. A high level of reactive anxiety was detected in 24 % of female athletes, and high-level sports anxiety was observed in 25 % of those surveyed. The relationship between the severity of violations of hygiene standards and the level of manifestation of personal and reactive anxiety was Revealed. The age dynamics for all diagnosed types of anxiety was revealed: higher rates of anxiety were observed in the age group of 13 years compared to 14 and 15-year-old athletes. Conclusion. The results of the study showed the need for dynamic monitoring of the state of health, including psycho-emotional state of athletes, allocation of athletes with pronounced errors in the regime to observation groups, carrying out preventive measures to explain the importance of compliance with hygiene rules and monitoring and assistance in their implementation in the lifestyle of young athletes.
Publisher
PANORAMA Publishing House
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