Bacterial vaginosis and related sexually transmitted diseases as a risk factor for tubalperitoneal infertility (literature review)

Abstract

The article presents a review of the literature on a pressing problem in clinical medicine — risk factors for tubo-peritoneal infertility. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the factors of increased risk of tubo-peritoneal infertility. Presumably, there are two mechanisms of tubo-peritoneal infertility associated with BV: firstly, the increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in the attack of seminal fluid, and secondly, the cleavage of cervical mucus by bacterial mucinases, which improves adhesion by pathogenic microorganisms, contributing to colonization with a further tendency to diseases of the upper reproductive tract, including infertility. Women who have BV are more likely to suffer from inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs caused by C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae, which leads to tubo- peritoneal infertility. Therefore, timely detection and treatment of BV is crucial.