Productivity of cows of Black-and-White breed in association with the technology of their housing

Abstract

The research of the influence of the method of housing cows on productivity, reproductive ability and productive longevity is relevant. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of technological factors on productivity, reproductive ability, and longevity of productive use of cows in the Tver region. The research has been carried out on the basis of the breeding farm of ZAO Kalininskoye in the Tver region. In order to conduct the experiment two groups of cows were formed, depending on the method of housing. Animals in the 1st group were free-stall housing; the 2nd group of cows were in tie up housing. The feeding conditions of the experimental animals were the same. The productivity of cows after the first lactation in the 2nd group (tie up housing) exceeded the productivity of cows in the 1st group (free-stall housing). The difference in milk yields was 345 kg (P ≤ 0,01) of milk for 305 days of the first lactation with a slight difference in the mass fraction of fat and protein. The shortest duration of the period of open days with the free-stall housing was established for both first-calf heifers (123 days) and cows of the second calving (101 days) than for herdmates with the tie up housing for 16 and 27 days. The multiplicity of insemination with tie up housing was higher depending on the age, the difference was 0,42 and 0,26 units in favor of the free-stall housing. The lifetime milk yield of cows with tie up housing was 6847 kg of milk or 29,9 % higher than free-stall housing, and their average milk yield with basic fat content (3,4 %) exceeded analogues by 853 kg of milk or 10,6 %, respectively. Calculations indicate that the prim-cost of 1 centner of milk from cows with tie up housing was lower by 165,6 rubles or 10,6 %, and the profit from its sale per 1 cow was higher than the free-stall housing by 24,6 thousand rubles. The evaluation of the conducted studies fully reflects the economic feasibility of further use of the tie up housing method of cows.