Productive traits of cows under different technologies of housing

Abstract

Many factors are infl uenced on the dairy productivity of cows, such as heredity, breed, physiological state of the animal, stage of lactation, fatness, feeding, age, housing, and technology of their milking. Modern intensive milk production technology involves the use of free-stall housing of cows and their double milking in the milking parlour. Therefore, the study of the infl uence of milk production technology, including the conditions of cows housing on their productive traits is relevant. The purpose of the work was to study the productive traits of cows in diff erent conditions of housing. In order to carry out the research, a control (tie-up housing) and an experimental (free-stall housing) groups of mature cows have been formed. It was found as a result of research that the best reproductive traits were in the cows of the experimental group. The highest index of insemination has been occurred in the control group, it was higher by 1,5 sperm doses than in the experimental group. The period of open days in the control group was also by 21,1 % higher than in the experimental group. Animals of the experimental group had the best indicators of the coeffi cient of reproductive ability. During the fi rst stage of lactation more milk has been obtained from cows of the experimental group. It has been received for 100 days of lactation 3495±91,6 kg of natural milk from them, which was by 73 kg or 2,1 % more than from the control group cows, the diff erence was statistically insignifi cant. The highest rate of milk yield for 305 days of lactation was also found in the experimental group of cows, where it was 8715±42,7, which was higher by 90 kg or 1,1 % than in the control group. The mass fractions of fat and protein in the milk of animals of both groups had no signifi cant diff erences. Thus, the diff erence in favor of cows of the experimental group in fat content in milk was 0,05 abs.%, and in protein content – 0,03 abs.%, which allows us to conclude that there is the positive trend of the certain increase in mass fraction of fat and mass fraction of protein in cow milk at their free-stall housing. The level of profi tability of milk production was also higher in the experimental group and amounted to 34 %.