Meat storage under acoustic freezing conditions and assessment of its biotoxicity (part 2)

Abstract

The necessity of developing new technologies for refrigerated storage, providing improved quality and safety of meat products, is shown. A critical analysis of cold storage methods has been carried out and the choice of the acoustic freezing method has been substantiated. As a result of the joint work of the students of school No. 2083, “Acoustic Freezing” company and the Institute of Biotechnology and Fisheries, Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky, studies were carried out to establish the degree of toxicity of pork subjected to refrigeration storage under conditions of shock and acoustic freezing. Histological studies of fresh meat and meat after acoustic and shock freezing have shown that shock freezing leads to a violation of the structure of striated muscles due to the formation of large ice crystals during freezing. The method of fractal analysis of proteins in fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing showed that the ice crystallization in muscle tissue leads to the formation of different types of fractals. Fractal analysis can be used to select physical factors when improving the technology of acoustic freezing. Toxicological studies were carried out on juvenile clawed frogs Xenopus laevis fed with chironomid larvae, California worms Eisenia fetida (control), fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing. Studies have shown that there are no significant deviations in the cytological parameters of red blood in frogs eating natural food (worms) and meat after acoustic freezing. Meat after shock freezing is eaten poorly by frogs, which indicates a significant loss of its quality compared to fresh meat. Comparative studies on the effects of feeding fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing, carried out on the blood of laboratory fish Danio rerio, demonstrated that fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing do not cause harmful effects on the red blood of fish. The work was carried out within the framework of the program for the introduction of project methods of school education in the secondary school of the Moscow State Budgetary Educational Institution “School No. 2083”.