Prerequisites for the development of regional animal husbandry

Abstract

The Chelyabinsk region is a major industrial and agricultural center of the country. It has over 3,5 million people and ranks 3rd out of eight regions of the Urals and 9th in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the work is to consider the prerequisites for the development of various branches of animal husbandry in the Chelyabinsk region. The authors consider the problem from different perspectives such as natural and climatic conditions, market demand for food, evaluation of raw materials and final products from the technologies used. It is determined that the development of livestock industries in the region is determined by both natural and economic and social problems of agriculture. For example, currently the leading breed of the dairy industry in the region is Black-and-White breed. Without belittling the merits of this breed, we believe the possible spread of other breeds, it all depends on the preferences of livestock owners, because many breeds have unique productive traits. The development of sheep breeding in the region is very important, because the population of the region is multinational in its composition. It is also home to about half a million residents, in whose consumption culture horsemeat occupies an important place. In drove breeding of horses they are able to graze on natural pastures from May to October. Horse breeding can produce not only horse meat, but also koumiss, a fermented milk product obtained from mare’s milk. The demand for horse meat, koumiss, as well as mutton is high in this region. The authors come to the conclusion that the further increase in livestock production is linked to the prospects of development not of large agricultural holdings, but of peasant farms and personal subsidiary farms. In solving these problems, a huge organizational and economic role belongs to regional and local authorities.