The effectiveness of use of forage animal fat in feeding of lactating cows

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to scientifically substantiate the complete nutrition of highly productive cows in the beginning period of lactation on the basis of feed resources of local production. Rations of feeding of highly productive cows in the beginning period of lactation on the basis of voluminous forages and forage animal fat have been developed. It was found that the enrichment of the rations of lactating cows fat additive enhances the processes of rumen fermentation, increases the accumulation of precursors of milk fat. Feeding by forage animal fat reduces the energy consumption of the feed at unproductive costs, such as the release of energy from the feces, urine. Animals more effectively use the metabolic energy for the formation of milk and deposits in the body, and heat production is reduced. At the end of the physiological experiment for 2 days in a row the study of gas exchange in experimental animals has been carried out. In animals of the control and 1st experimental groups breathing was more frequent and superficial, pulmonary ventilation was 3,22–9,93 % more than in analogues of the 2nd experimental group. The respiratory coefficient reflecting the nature of feeding and the intensity of deposition in the body of animal fat and protein was higher in control animals, this indicates a high content of concentrated feed in the ration. The state of mineral metabolism in cows has been traced to the two most important elements: calcium and inorganic phosphorus. In the blood serum of animals of the control group the level of calcium during the experiment has increased by 1,33 mg%, in the 1st experimental group by 2,02 (P < 0,05) and in the 2nd experimental group by 3,15 mg%. These data indicate a positive balance of calcium in the body. The content of inorganic phosphorus in animals of all groups was within the physiological norm. Its level has been increased during the main period of the experiment except for cows of the 2nd experimental group, in control it has decreased by 0,06 mg% (P < 0,01). The use of forage animal fat in the rations of lactating cows at the beginning of lactation had a positive effect on the biochemical parameters of blood of cows.