Determination of Yield and Quality Characteristics of Various Genotypes of Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa L.) Cultivated Through Without Fertilizers

Abstract

Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) is one of the essential spice plants used in Turkey. The present study investigated the yield and some agronomic, morphological, and qualitative characteristics of 31 different black cumin genotypes (30 lines and one control variety of Çameli) of domestic and foreign origin under the ecological conditions of the city of Ankara. The study was carried out in the experimental areas of İkizce Research and Application farm of Ankara Field Crops Central Research Institute during the vegetation periods of 2018 - 2019. The experiment was set up as three replications according to the Experiment Design in Randomized Blocks. According to the results of the research, the plant height of the genotypes in the experiment changed for two years between 17.1 - 33.5 cm, the height of the first capsule between 11.6 - 26.6 cm, the number of seeds in the capsule between 28.5 - 69.6 seeds capsule-1, the number of branches between 2.0 - 3.4 pieces plant-1, the number of capsules between 1.8 - 2.9 capsules plant-1, thousand seed weight between 2.0 - 3.0 g, seed yield between 194.5 - 505.9 kg ha-1, fixed oil rate between 27.2 - 35.3%, maturation (growth/harvest) time between 136.5 - 141.7 days and germination (emergence time) between 27.2 - 30.7 days. In terms of fatty acids, the most proportional fatty acids were found to be linoleic acid (45.45 - 55.62%), oleic acid (18.83 - 25.01%), palmitic acid (6.95 - 11.72%), stearic acid (3.50 - 4.77%), respectively.