Evaluation of LC-MS/MS Analysis and In Vitro Biological Activities of Rosa pimpinellifolia Root, Pseudo-fruit, and Seed extracts

Abstract

In this study, we investigated antioxidant, anticholinesterase, antityrosinase properties, and polyphenolic and flavonoid content by spectrophotometric; antimicrobial by disc diffusion and microdilution method; antigenotoxic activities by comet assay, and the phytochemical composition of the Rosa pimpinellifolia extracts by LC-MS/MS. The EtOAc extract of the root (RPKE) had higher antioxidant activities at 10 μg/mL with inhibition of 39.7, 91.2, and 39.5% respectively in the DPPH·, ABTS•+, and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity assay than standard antioxidant molecules. The polyphenolic contents of the RPKE and the EtOAc extract of the seed (RPÇE) were found to be 378.2 ± 0.477 and 305.39 ± 0.568 μg GAE/mg respectively. The extracts of RPKE showed butyrylcholinesterase activity with 19±0.12% inhibition at 100 μg/mL concentration. RPKE showed higher activity at 500 μg/mL with inhibition of 50% in the tyrosinase inhibitory assay than the other R. pimpinellifolia extracts. The extracts of R. pimpinellifolia exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The extracts of R. pimpinellifolia did not show any antigenotoxic effect up to the concentration of 1000 μg/mL. In LC/MS/MS analysis, Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside and isoquercetin in the pseudo-fruit; procyanidin B2 and catechin in the root were the major phenolic compounds.