DISTRIBUTION OF TRANSGENIC PLANTS IN UKRAINE – CURRENT STATE

Abstract

Scientific achievement in molecular biology and genetic engineering have made it possible to create new methods of selection k that are based on genome modification. Todays, more and more genetically modified plants are being intensively tested in the field, but their influence has not yet been fully studied on the environment, biodiversity, human health, and the animal body.  The article analyzes the results of research on the presence of GM ingredients in plant raw materials, processed products, feed for productive and unproductive animals, etc. for the period 2019-2020. Studies on the presence of GMOs were performed by the method of polymerase chain reaction in real-time (PCR-RT), according to DSTU ISO 21569: 2008 (ISO 21569: 2005, IDT), DSTU ISO 21571: 2008 (ISO 21571: 2005, IDT).  In 2019, 1134 samples were tested and the most positive were found in rapeseed and soybeans. In the study of rapeseed (31 samples) the number of positive samples was 6.5 %, in them were the target sequences of the terminator NOS (T-NOS) TІ plasmid Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Pat gene. In the study of soybeans (15 samples), the number of positive samples was 6.7 %, in them were the target sequences of the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) and the terminator NOS (T-NOS) TІ plasmid Agrobacterium tumefaciens.  In 2020, 1215 samples were tested and was found positive samples in samples of rapeseed, soybeans and feed for productive animals. In the study of rapeseed (27 samples) the number of positive samples was 7.4 %, in them were detected the target sequences of the terminator NOS (T-NOS) TІ plasmid Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and genes Pat and EPSPs. In the study of soybeans (6 samples), the number of positive samples was 16.7 %, in them were the target sequences of the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) and the terminator NOS (T-NOS) T of the plasmid Agrobacterium. In the study of feed for poultry (6 samples) the number of positive was 16.7 %, in them were the target sequences of the terminator NOS (T-NOS) TІ plasmid Agrobacterium tumefaciens.