Physical Therapy Management of Low Back Pain: A Survey of Physiotherapists’ Current Assessment and Treatment Practices

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine current physiotherapy practice for managing chronic low back pain (LBP). Method: We administered a cross-sectional survey to all physiotherapists working in Eastern Health (EH) Regional Health Authority, Newfoundland and Labrador, by email. To ascertain how physiotherapists assessed and treated patients with LBP, the survey included multiple-choice and open-ended questions, along with case vignettes. We explored the respondents’ confidence about implementing all aspects of guideline-based care, as well as their use of treatment outcome measures. Results: A total of 76 physiotherapists responded to the survey (84% response rate); 56 (74%) reported that they treated patients with LBP as part of their regular practice. More than half had managed LBP for more than 10 years. The most frequently used treatments were self-management advice, followed by home and supervised exercise. The majority of respondents lacked confidence about implementing cognitive–behavioural treatment techniques. The Numeric Pain Rating Scale was the most commonly used outcome measure; disability outcome measures were not frequently used. Conclusions: The majority of LBP management in EH aligns with guideline recommendations. Increased uptake of guidelines recommending assessment and management of LBP using a bio-psychosocial approach will require training and support.