1. Helen Vandenberg and Geertje Boschma, “The Evolution of Early Hospitals in British Columbia, 1855–1918,” BC Studies, no. 208 (2020/21): 73–118.
2. Edward T. Morman, ed. Efficiency, Scientific Management, and Hospital Standardization: An Anthology of Sources (New York: Garland, 1989); and George Torrance, “Socio-historical Overview: The Development of the Canadian Health System,” in David Coburn, Carl D’Arcy, and George Torrance, eds. Health and Canadian Society: Sociological Perspectives, 3rd ed. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998), 3–22.
3. David Gagan and Rosemary Ruth Gagan, For Patients of Moderate Means: A Social History of the Voluntary Public General Hospital in Canada, 1890–1950 (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2002), 71–97.
4. Megan Davies, “Mapping ‘Region’ in Canadian Medical History: The Case of British Columbia,” Canadian Bulletin of Medical History / Bulletin canadien d’histoire de la médecine [CBMH/BCHM] 17, no. 1 (2000): 73–92, 82.
5. Erika Dyck and Christopher Fletcher, eds. Locating Health: Historical and Anthropological Investigations of Health and Place (London: Pickering & Chatto, 2011); and Jayne Elliot, “Blurring the Boundaries of Space: Shaping Nursing Lives at the Red Cross Outposts in Ontario, 1922–45,” CBMH/BCHM 21, no. 2 (2004): 303–25. Health geography literature makes the distinction between space and place clear; see Thomas Blaschke, Helena Merschdorf, Pablo Cabrera-Barona, Song Gao, Emmanuel Papadakis, and Anna Kovacs-Györi, “Place versus Space: From Points, Lines, and Polygons in GIS to Place-Based Representations Reflecting Language and Culture,” International Journal of Geo-Information 7, no. 11 (2018): 1–26; and Trevor J.B. Drummer, “Health Geography: Supporting Public Health Policy and Planning,” Canadian Medical Association Journal 178, no. 9 (2008): 1177–80.