1. See, for example, Michael Bliss, Critical Condition: A Historian’s Prognosis on Canada’s Aging Healthcare System (Toronto: C.D. Howe Institute, 2010) and Jeffrey Simpson, Chronic Condition: Why Canada’s Health-Care System Needs to be Dragged into the 21st Century (Toronto: Allen Lane, 2012).
2. It has mainly been political scientists rather than historians who have written these comparative histories of the development of UHC. Some examples include Carolyn Tuohy, Accidental Logics: The Dynamics of Change in the Health Care Arena in the United States, Great Britain, and Canada (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999) and Jacob Hacker, “The Historical Logic of National Health Insurance: Structure and Sequence in the Development of British, Canadian and U.S. Medical Policy.” Studies in American Political Development 10 (1998): 57–130; Antonia Maioni, Parting at the Crossroads: The Emergence of Health Insurance in the United States and Canada (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998); and Gwendolyn Gray, Federalism and Health Policy: The Development of Health Systems in Canada and Australia (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1991).
3. On the Nordic “model” of social democracy, see Nik Brandal, Ølvind Bratberg, and Dag Einar Thorsen, The Nordic Model of Social Democracy (Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013). On the Nordic model of health care, see Jon Magnussen, Karsten Vrangbæk, Richard B. Saltman, and Päl E. Martinussen, “Introduction: The Nordic Model of Health Care” in Jon Magnussen, Karsten Vrangbæk, and Richard B. Saltman, eds. Nordic Health Care Systems: Recent Reforms and Current Policy Challenges (Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press, 2009), 3–20. On the history and influence of the NHS and the 1942 Beveridge report which led to the establishment of the NHS, see Martin Gorsky, “The British National Health Service, 1948–2008: A Review of the Historiography,” 33 (2008): 437–60; Charles Webster, The National Health Service: A Political History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002); and Richard Freeman, “A National Health Service, by Comparison” Social History of Medicine 21 (2008): 503–20.
4. Colleen M. Flood and Amanda Haugan, “Is Canada Odd? A Comparison of European and Canadian Approaches to Choice and Regulation of the Public/Private Divide in Health Care,” Health Economics, Policy and Law 5 (2010): 329.
5. Gregory P. Marchildon, "Health Security in Canada: Policy Complexity and Overlap," Social Theory & Health 6 (2008): 74-90