1. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Part I of theConstitution Act, 1982, being Schedule B to theCanada Act 1982(UK), 1982, c 11 [Charter].
2. See e.g. Emmett MacFarlane, "Terms of Entitlement: Is There a Distinctly Canadian 'Rights Talk'?" (2008) 41:2 Canadian Journal of Political Science 303 at 303, and 307 [MacFarlane, "Terms"]
3. Nancy Hills, "Rights and Restrictions: Canada's Rights Talk during the COVID-19 Pandemic" (Master's thesis, University of Guelph, 2022) at 18 [unpublished].
4. Mary Ann Glendon,Rights Talk: The Impoverishment of Political Discourse(Toronto: Collier Macmillan, 1991).
5. By “proportionality,” we are referring to judicial approaches to rights cases that acknowledge that rights may be limited in pursuit of important social goals and often entail use of standards, empirical investigation, social science data, and instrumental rationality. Jamal Greene, “Foreword: Rights as Trumps?” (2018) 132:1 Harvard Law Review 28 at 60–65.