Improvement of information and legal support of ecological and biological safety of genetic technologies

Abstract

he development of genetic technologies requires adequate legal regulation of these relations, taking into account their characteristics and the need to ensure the safety of genetic engineering activities on a systematic basis in conjunction with biological, environmental, climatic, sanitary and epidemiological, food and other types of national security. The article considers the main directions for improving the legislation on genetic engineering activities and related branches of legislation, including in the field of ensuring biological safety. The necessity of legal regulation of relations related to the use of genomic editing technology as an integral part of genetic engineering activities is substantiated. When improving legislation in the field of genetic engineering, it is necessary to take into account the objective processes associated with the emergence of GMOs of new generations, based on a differentiated approach to assessing GMO risks and monitoring them. Risk assessment of further development of genetic technologies, ensuring their safety should be carried out on the basis of an integrated approach as part of biological safety, in connection with which it is necessary to legalize the concepts of “genetic technologies” and “biological technologies”, determine the relationship between them, legislate their classification, as well as concepts of “risk assessment”, “risk factors”, “biological safety indicators”. There is a need for systematic information and legal support for the use of genetic and biotechnologies, one of the directions of which is the legal regulation of the activities of bioresource centers, as well as the procedure for creating, maintaining, using bioresource collections and biobanks, including the conceptual apparatus, principles, organizational and legal measures.