Graphene hyperbolic metamaterials: Fundamentals and applications

Abstract

Abstract Metamaterials have shown potential for next-generation optical materials since they have special electromagnetic responses which cannot be obtained in natural media. Among various metamaterials, hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) with highly anisotropic hyperbolic dispersion provide new ways to manipulate electromagnetic waves. Besides, graphene has attracted lots of attention since it possesses excellent optoelectronic properties. Graphene HMMs combine the extraordinary properties of graphene and the strong light modulation capability of HMMs. The experimental fabrication of graphene HMMs recently proved that graphene HMMs are a good platform for terahertz optical devices. The flexible tunability is a hallmark of graphene-based HMMs devices by external gate voltage, electrostatic biasing, or magnetic field, etc. This review provides an overview of up-to-now studies of graphene HMMs and an outlook for the future of this field.