Features of physical and technical-tactical preparedness of young football goalkeepers 13-14 years old

Abstract

The research results of the physical development level, indicators of technical and tactical actions of young football players aged 13–14 of different game roles are presented. The research involved 46 young players aged 13-14 of FC "Arsenal" in Kharkov, including 6 goalkeepers, 8 central defenders, 8 wing defenders, 8 central midfielders, 8 wing midfielders, 8 forwards. The following methods were used: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, and mathematical statistics. Quantitative indicators of motor actions of young football players of 13-14 years of different game role according to the results of 10 calendar games are determined. It was established that the quality of performance of technical and tactical actions of young football players was not the same for players of different game roles. Goalkeepers mainly make long and short passes (29.8 ± 1.19 and 27.2 ± 1.16% of the total number of technical and tactical actions). The largest number of movements with the back forward, cross step and additional step was made by the goalkeeper (12.3; 7.0; 2.6% of game actions per game), which were statistically significantly higher in relation to all field players (p <0.001). Goalkeepers during the game perform more jumps (32.4 ± 1.48% of all motor actions) and throwing the ball (26.4 ± 1.48%). Goalkeepers’ indicators of speed and power capabilities (in the test "vertical jumping") were statistically significantly superior (p <0.05) to players of all other lines. The correlations between the test indicators that reflect the level of goalkeepers’ physical fitness were determined. A statistically significant correlation was established between the indicator "vertical jumping" and running 30 m (ρ = -0.82, p <0.05), indicators of starting and distance speed (ρ = 0.84 and ρ = 0.86, p <0.05), the indicator "running 10 m on the move" with a 6-minute run, which characterized the overall endurance (ρ = -0.83, p <0.05). Goalkeepers are characterized by the relationship between all technical and tactical actions of the game and the level of motor skills development, namely the statistical significance of the correlation of speed and speed-power qualities with technical and tactical indicators.