Features of the formation of the structure of physical fitness of primary school children and the development of its main components

Abstract

This article deals with pedagogical problems of theory and practice of physical education of primary school children. The structure of physical fitness of 8-9-year-old children is analyzed. The level of physical fitness of a person largely determines his physical and mental health, ability to work, success in professional activities. The conducted theoretical analysis convincingly shows that one of the pedagogical conditions for effective education of physical abilities is a system of rational planning of pedagogical actions taking into account sensitive periods and features of age development of children. In the structure of physical fitness of children of primary school age, its components are quite clearly defined - strength and speed-power abilities, motor skills and endurance, flexibility and agility. As you know, these components are interconnected and interact and change with age. When studying the structure of physical training of primary school children, factor analysis is used, which allows to obtain information about the main factor in the structure of physical fitness and the influence of certain factors on the age formation of physical abilities of primary school children. It is established that in preschool and school age in the period of active growth and development, the effectiveness of physical training can be achieved under the condition of appropriate physical activity, features of age development of physical abilities. The development of technologies for planning the means of electoral orientation can be carried out in two directions - the study of sensitive periods in the development of individual physical abilities and their relationships using correlation or factor analysis. Due to the fact that the physical fitness of children 8-9 years of age is insufficiently studied, and there is no information about the planning of pedagogical activities of electoral and complex orientation, we conducted research in which these problems were solved.