Prevalence and distribution of sesamoid bones and accessory ossicles in the hand region in patients presenting to the emergency department: a radiographic study

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to retrospectively examine the accessory ossicles and sesamoid bones of the patients who applied to the emergency department with any hand and wrist complaints, on radiological images according to gender, frequency of incidence and extremity side. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was performed on radiological images (digital x-ray) of 500 patients (297 men, 203 women). Presence, prevalence, coexistence and distribution of accessory ossicles and sesamoids in the hand of patients without hand skeletal deformities were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Accessory ossicles were detected in 8 (1.6%) of 500 cases. In our study, all of the accessory ossicles seen in the wrist and the hand region were ulnar styloid ossicles. Sesamoid bone was detected in 500 cases (100%) in metacarpophalangeal I (MCP I), in 192 cases (38.4%) in metacarpophalangeal II (MCP II), in 17 cases (3.4%) in metacarpophalangeal III (MCP III), in 2 cases (0.4%) in metacarpophalangeal IV (MCP IV), and in 34 cases (6.8%) in metacarpophalangeal V (MCP V). Conclusion: This study will contribute to the literature in terms of Turkish population incidence by using digital x-ray images for hand sesamoid bones and accessory ossicles.