Tumor-Derived Lysophosphatidic Acid Blunts Protective Type I Interferon Responses in Ovarian Cancer

Author:

Chae Chang-Suk1ORCID,Sandoval Tito A.1ORCID,Hwang Sung-Min1ORCID,Park Eun Sil2,Giovanelli Paolo34ORCID,Awasthi Deepika1ORCID,Salvagno Camilla1ORCID,Emmanuelli Alexander13,Tan Chen1,Chaudhary Vidyanath5,Casado Julia67ORCID,Kossenkov Andrew V.8ORCID,Song Minkyung9ORCID,Barrat Franck J.35ORCID,Holcomb Kevin1ORCID,Romero-Sandoval E. Alfonso10ORCID,Zamarin Dmitriy11ORCID,Pépin David1213,D'Andrea Alan D.13ORCID,Färkkilä Anniina67ORCID,Cubillos-Ruiz Juan R.1314ORCID

Affiliation:

1. 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.

2. 2Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, New York.

3. 3Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York.

4. 4Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.

5. 5HSS Research Institute and David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.

6. 6Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

7. 7Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

8. 8Center for Systems and Computational Biology, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

9. 9Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, and Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.

10. 10Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Mechanisms Laboratory, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

11. 11Department of Medicine, Gynecologic Medical Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.

12. 12Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. 13Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

13. 14Susan F. Smith Center for Women's Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

14. 15Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.

Abstract

Abstract Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid enriched in the tumor microenvironment of immunosuppressive malignancies such as ovarian cancer. Although LPA enhances the tumorigenic attributes of cancer cells, the immunomodulatory activity of this phospholipid messenger remains largely unexplored. Here, we report that LPA operates as a negative regulator of type I interferon (IFN) responses in ovarian cancer. Ablation of the LPA-generating enzyme autotaxin (ATX) in ovarian cancer cells reprogrammed the tumor immune microenvironment, extended host survival, and improved the effects of therapies that elicit protective responses driven by type I IFN. Mechanistically, LPA sensing by dendritic cells triggered PGE2 biosynthesis that suppressed type I IFN signaling via autocrine EP4 engagement. Moreover, we identified an LPA-controlled, immune-derived gene signature associated with poor responses to combined PARP inhibition and PD-1 blockade in patients with ovarian cancer. Controlling LPA production or sensing in tumors may therefore be useful to improve cancer immunotherapies that rely on robust induction of type I IFN. Significance: This study uncovers that ATX–LPA is a central immunosuppressive pathway in the ovarian tumor microenvironment. Ablating this axis sensitizes ovarian cancer hosts to various immunotherapies by unleashing protective type I IFN responses. Understanding the immunoregulatory programs induced by LPA could lead to new biomarkers predicting resistance to immunotherapy in patients with cancer. See related commentary by Conejo-Garcia and Curiel, p. 1841. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1825

Publisher

American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

Subject

Oncology

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