Red Blood Cell Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Mortality Following Breast Cancer

Author:

Parada Humberto123ORCID,Wu Tianying1ORCID,Hoh Eunha4ORCID,Rock Cheryl L.25ORCID,Martinez Maria E.236ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 1

2. UC San Diego Health Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, California. 2

3. Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California. 3

4. Division of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 4

5. Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California. 5

6. Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California. 6

Abstract

Abstract Background: Intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may affect mortality following breast cancer; however, epidemiological studies have relied on the self-reported assessment of PUFA intake. Herein, we examined the associations between red blood cell (RBC) PUFAs and mortality. Methods: This nested case–control study included 1,104 women from the Women’s Healthy Eating and Living study, a multistate randomized controlled trial. Cases (n = 290) comprised women who died from 1995 to 2006. Matched controls (n = 814) comprised women who were alive at the end of follow-up. PUFAs were measured in baseline RBC samples and included four ω-3 and seven ω-6 PUFAs. We examined each PUFA individually and principal components factor analysis (PCFA)-derived scores in association with all-cause mortality (ACM) and breast cancer–specific mortality (BCM) using conditional logistic regression to estimate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In fully adjusted models, ACM ORs were elevated among women with PUFAs above the median  (>median) versus at the median or below (≤median) for α-linolenic acid (ALA; OR = 1.63, 95% CI, 1.18–2.24) and linolenic acid (LA; OR = 1.56, 95% CI, 1.16–2.09). BCM ORs were elevated for ALA (OR = 1.83, 95% CI, 1.27–2.63), LA (OR = 1.70, 95% CI, 1.23–2.37), and γ-linolenic acid (GLA; OR = 1.50, 95% CI, 1.04–2.16). PCFA Factor 1 (arachidonic acid–adrenic acid–docosapentaenoic acid) scores above the median (vs. ≤median) were associated with lower odds of ACM (OR = 0.71, 95% CI, 0.52–0.97) and BCM (OR = 0.69, 95% CI, 0.49–0.97). PCFA Factor 4 (ALA/GLA) scores above the median (vs. ≤median) were associated with increased odds of BCM (OR = 1.47, 95% CI, 1.04–2.09). Conclusions: RBC ALA, LA, and GLA may be prognostic indicators among breast cancer survivors. Impact: These results are important for understanding the associations between a biomarker of PUFA intake and mortality among BC survivors.

Funder

National Cancer Institute

National Institute on Aging

Publisher

American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

Reference36 articles.

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2. American Cancer Society nutrition and physical activity guideline for cancer survivors;Rock;CA Cancer J Clin,2022

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4. Health benefits of plant-derived α-linolenic acid;Rajaram;Am J Clin Nutr,2014

5. Essential fatty acids as functional components of foods- a review;Kaur;J Food Sci Technol,2014

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