Assessment of Some Immune Components from The Bioactive Crude Extract Derived from The Epidermal Mucus of Climbing Perch Anabas Testudines

Abstract

Fish and other members of the aquatic habitats are usually in constant interaction with their habitat and potentially harmful pathogens. This study was undertaken to evaluate some of the immune components in the bioactive crude obtained from epidermal mucus of climbing perch. The enzyme activities were assessed using the spectrophotometer and turbidometric assay for the lysozyme activity, and while antimicrobial peptides were determined via AKTA Purifier 10 FPLC with a Superdex™ peptide 10/300 GL column and Q-TOF LC/MS for characterization. Likewise, the antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa ATCC 10451 was achieved using chromatography fractions. Results showed that higher activities of lysozyme and protease were present in the crude extract. While values for alkaline phosphatase and esterase activities varied. The data analysis of Q-TOF LC/MS showed apolipoprotein A1, haemoglobin subunit beta (Fragment), elongation factor 1-alpha, cytochrome C oxidase subunit1 (Fragment), Beta-actin (Fragment) and potent antimicrobial peptides including de novo AAGPKGPLGPR peptide in crude. This result emphasizes their role in protecting to climbing perch from foreign invaders as a part of the innate immune system throughout the epidermal mucus. The bioactive crude has a high potential to be used as a natural antimicrobial agent for pharmaceutical applications.