Physical therapy following surgical treatment of Achilles tendon injury: selected aspects

Abstract

Aim: Achilles tendon injury is a very serious clinical problem as it prevents normal functioning, thus contributing to a reduced quality of life. The aim of this paper is to evaluate physical therapy outcomes following surgical treatment after a complete Achilles tendon rupture, which was treated either with minimally invasive (percutaneous) repair or open repair. Materials and Methods: The paper presents physical therapy after surgical treatment following a complete loss of Achilles tendon continuity. The study involved two groups of patients who underwent surgery at the Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery of the City Polyclinic Hospital, Independent Public Healthcare Unit in Częstochowa. The follow-up period was approximately 18 months. Group 1 consisted of 23 patients after percutaneous surgical treatment and Group 2 consisted of 23 patients after open surgical treatment. Results: Outcomes were evaluated once the treatment had been fully completed. The follow-up period was at least 18 months. Functional recovery of the operated limb was assessed, including presence of pain, range of active and passive motion, muscle strength, and presence of contractures and swelling. An ultrasound performed after treatment completion showed complete restoration of tendon continuity and tendon remodelling in all patients. Conclusions: 1. Achilles tendon injury is a difficult clinical problem. 2. Achilles tendon injuries should be treated with surgery, including minimally invasive procedures, which seem to be more beneficial for the patient. 3. Physical therapy is the basis of management after surgical treatment in patients with Achilles tendon injury.