Study of axiography changes in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction

Abstract

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of treatment of temporomandibular joints muscle and joint dysfunction with occlusive splints based on the analysis of axiography data. Materials and Methods: 274 (two hundred and seventy-four) patients aged 18 to 44 years with a diagnosis of temporomandibular joints dysfunction before and after treatment. Results: All patients with signs of temporomandibular joints dysfunction before treatment had a violation of the movement trajectory of the lower jaw: deviation – 68.7%, diflexion – 31.3%. When opening and closing the mouth, asymmetric shifts of the lower jaw of more than 2 mm were observed. After treatment with occlusive splints, the correct trajectory of opening and closing the mouth was noted: the number of patients with a trajectory violation decreased by 89.1%, and the amount of displacement of the lower jaw during opening and closing the mouth in 92.4% of patients decreased on average to 0.9 mm. When analyzing the movements of the lower jaw in the sagittal plane, deviations of the trajectory of the lower jaw were found in 79% of clinical cases. After the treatment using occlusive splints, 93.4% of cases of mandibular movement trajectory violations in the transversal plane were eliminated, and 78.1% of patients had a reduction in displacement volume to 0.9 mm. When analyzing the movements of the lower jaw in the sagittal plane, deviations of the trajectory of the lower jaw were found in 79% of clinical cases. After the treatment using occlusive splints, 93.4% of cases of mandibular movement trajectory violations in the transversal plane were eliminated, and 78.1% of patients had a reduction in displacement volume to 0.9 mm. Conclusions: Movement trajectories of the lower jaw in the sagittal plane improved in 80.1% of patients, normalization of the position of the lower jaw in relation to the neuromuscular trajectory was achieved in 93.4% of clinical cases. According to the analysis of the parameters, this treatment should be considered effective.