MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MAXILLARY SINUS CYSTS BASED ON THE STUDY OF PARTICULAR HISTOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL FACTORS OF INFLAMMATION

Abstract

The aim: To study the morphological structure and immunohistochemical markers of inflammatory cells in the maxillary sinus cyst wall. Materials and methods: Biopsy samples of maxillary sinus cysts of 92 operated patients aged 18 to 74 years were studied. We used standard staining with hematoxylin and eosin, PAS reaction, and immunohistochemical analysis with monoclonal antibodies to CD68 (macrophages) and CD3 (T- lymphocytes) to determine morphological features and severity of inflammation and PanCK AE1/AE2 antibodies to identify epithelium state. Results: All patients were divided into 2 groups: 29 patients with retention cysts and 63 with lymphagiotatic cysts (pseudocysts), depending on the unilateral or bilateral epithelial lining of the cyst wall. Retention cysts had the bilateral epithelial lining with a saving its function and structure. The thinned connective tissue layer was filled with separate clusters of lymphocytes and macrophages. Lymphagiotatic cysts were characterized by the unilateral epithelium lining of the wall with signs of degeneration, desquamation, and loss of the mucus-forming function. Dense infiltration of the connective tissue layer by inflammatory cells with pronounced expression is observed. Conclusions: Immunohistochemical analysis with monoclonal antibodies to CD3 and CD68 demonstrated that the inflammatory infiltrate of pseudocysts is represented by T-lymphocytes and different sizes of macrophages. The inflammatory infiltration of the pseudocyst wall was significantly severe compared to retention cysts.