OUTCOME OF ALLOGENEIC BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT FOR IRAQI PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA

Abstract

The aim: To assess the outcome of allogeneic transplant regarding the overall Survival (OS) and main predictors can effect the survival of such patients. Materials and methods: The records of seventy-nine Iraqi patients diagnosed with non-promyelocytic AML, who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation outside of Iraq between 2012 and 2019, had been reviewed. The information had been collected from the data available in Bone Marrow Transplant Centre in Baghdad Medical City. Overall survival had been calculated by Kaplan-Meier Method. Patients included in the study are those who were diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia according to French American British classes with the exclusion of acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3), who were allotransplanted for being diagnosed with high risk cytogenetic, refractory to chemotherapeutic regimen, relapsed after achieving complete remission, secondary to transformation from other myeloid malignancies or remaining with positive measurable residual disease after treatment. Results: The overall survival for 1 year, 2 years and 3 years were 63.20%, 55.09% and 46.58% respectively. The pre-transplanted factors found, no significant difference in overall survival regarding age, gender, extra medullary involvement. The transplant related criteria like stem cell source, presence of infection and type of conditioning regimen and incidence of any post-transplant complications do not predict overall survival apart from chronic graft versus host disease. Chronic GVHD were found to be significantly affecting overall survival. Conclusions: The most common cause of death was disease relapse. Iraqi AML patients who were treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplant had shown to have encouraging overall survival.