PSYCHOLOGICAL RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most important causes of the morbidity and mortality in the Polish and European population, accounting for nearly half of the causes of death. Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, especially in view of the predicted increase in mortality rate as a result of these diseases in the aging populations is crucial. The aim: To characterize selected psychological risk factors that predispose to the development of cardiovascular disease. Review and disscusion: Numerous scientific studies indicate the importance of mental and psychosocial factors in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation patients with cardiovascular diseases. In this article the most important psychological risk factors, such as Type A and D personality, stress, depression and depressed mood, anxiety, social support and lifestyle are presented. Conclusions: Population-focused programs devoted to health promotion and informing the general public about the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases should mainly aim at improving people’s lifestyle, in particular with regard to nutrition, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and mental well-being.