Affiliation:
1. BUKOVINIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, CHERNIVTSI, UKRAINE
2. I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the state of the gingival stromal elements in the portion of the third molars requiring extraction of these teeth due to orthodontic indications considering the stage of tooth germ formation.
Materials and Methods: The surgery to extract third molars due to orthodontic indications was performed on 95 children aged 11 to 18 years. The three groups of observation were isolated according to clinical-radiological signs: І (n=30) – children aged 11-13 years; ІІ (n=35) – children aged 13-16 years, and ІІІ (n=30) – children aged 16-18 years. During surgery, the samples of gums were taken from the adjacent areas for examination. The samples were fixed, dehydrated, paraffinized for further histological processing. Immunohistochemical methods were used according to the protocols supplied by a producer. In particular, by means of immunohistochemical method, Ki-67, CD-34 antigens and vimentin with primary antibodies against them were determined. The primary antibodies were visualized by the polymeric visualization system with diaminobenzidine giving a brown color to the places of location of the antigens examined. The data obtained were statistically processed.
Results: The results of the study showed that specific gravity of the vascular bed in the gingival papillary layer of children was the most variable. It ranges from (12,7±0,09) % at the stage of “D” root formation to (54,8±0,17) % at the “H” stage. Lower concentrations of CD-34 antigens and vimentin are found in the endotheliocytes of children aged 13-16 and 16-18 years, compared to the children aged 11-13 years (p<0,05). No changes were found in the specific volume of the blood vessels, CD-34 antigens and vimentin in the reticular gingival layer of children from the groups of observation.
Conclusions: Therefore, the conducted histological and immunohistochemical study of the connective gingival tissues in the portion of the third molars in children enables to draw a conclusion that in the process of formation of the root of this tooth a number of changes occur in the gingival stroma. They include an increase of the blood flow volume in the papillary gingival layer on the background of a decreased concentration of CD-34 genes and vimentin, a longer stage of development of the third molar root. The specific volume of the islets of neoangiogenesis of the papillary gingival layer is the largest in children aged 13-16 years.
Reference25 articles.
1. 1. Pankevych AI, Kolisnyk IA, Hohol AM. Dyferentsiyovanyy pidkhid do operatsiyi atypovoho vydalennya zubiv mudrosti [Differentiated approach to surgery for atypical removal of wisdom teeth]. Ukrainian dental almanac. 2019;4:24-8. (Ukrainian).
2. 2. Kuroyedova VD, Vyzhenko YEYE. Pozytsiya tretikh molyariv ta yikhnikh zachatkiv za danymy ortopantomohram u patsiyentiv iz dystal'nym prykusom [The position of third molars and their rudiments according to orthopantomograms in patients with a distal bite]. Ukrainian dental almanac. 2015;2:60-4. (Ukrainian).
3. 3. Hohol AM, Pankevych AI, Kolisnyk IA. Vybir metodu atypovoho vydalennya tretikh nyzhnikh molyariv u zalezhnosti vid yikh polozhennya v aspekti profilaktyky pislyaoperatsiynykh sensornykh porushen [The choice of the method of atypical removal of third lower molars depending on their position in the aspect of prevention of postoperative sensory disturbances]. Herald of problems of biology and medicine. 2016;2-1(128):179-183. (Ukrainian).
4. 4. Brunello G, Biagi M, Crepaldi G et al. An Observational Cohort Study on Delayed-Onset Infections after Mandibular Int J Dent. 2017:2017:1435348. doi: 10.1155/2017/1435348.
5. 5. Agrawal A, Yadav A, Chandel S et al. Wisdom tooth – complications in extraction. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2014;15(1):34-6. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1484.