The place of neurotrophic therapy in the concept of stimulation of secondary angiogenesis in acute focal cerebral ischemia

Abstract

The features of changes in the structural and functional characteristics of brain tissue were studied in 60 outbred male Wistar rats during modelling of acute focal cerebral ischemia (AFCI) in the dynamics of treatment with human cryopreserved cord blood serum (CCBS). Electronic and optical microscopic examination of the sensorimotor area of the cerebral cortex was performed. All animals were divided into three groups: the first (control) group consisted of intact rats without trauma and treatment; the second group consisted of animals after modelling AFCI without treatment; third group consisted of rats after modelling AFCI, which were injected by CCBS. Each group consisted of 20 animals. Material for morphological examination was taken after administration of CCBS solution to animals with the model of AFCI at 12, 24, 72 hours and 7th days after the start of the experiment. The average area of perivascular spaces, which is an indicator of vasogenic oedema in rats of group 2 was 45 times higher than in rats of group 1. In contrast, in rats of group 3 with CCBS, this figure was exceeded 37 times. The average area of pericellular spaces, indicating the degree of cytotoxic oedema, in animals of group 2 on the 7th day after AFCI was almost 23 times higher than the results of group 1. This figure in rats of group 3 was increased 20 times compared with data in group 2. Against the background of the use of this drug, there were signs of reactive changes in endothelial cells in the form of an increase in the number of ribosomes and polysomes in the cytoplasm, a decrease in the degree of perivascular oedema of brain tissue by 21.4 %. The surface area of endothelial cells in the zone of AFCI on the 7th day of the experiment in animals that additionally received CCBS was (1483.00±26.48) μm2, which indicates a positive anti-inflammatory effect of the drug. On the 7th day of the experiment in group 3 rats by optical microscopy was found to increase the density of cerebral capillaries compared with group 2, which indicates the stimulation of the restoration of the ultrastructure of damaged capillaries, increase their density, the formation of new capillaries under the components of CCBS.