Affiliation:
1. Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Abstract
Iodine deficiency diseases constitute an important medical and social problem, since a significant part of the territory of Ukraine is characterized by biogeochemical indicators of low iodine content in the environment, which is the cause of hypothyroidism development. At the same time, there are many other factors that can trigger the thyroid disorders in children. Epidemiological studies carried out in the Carpathian region have shown that iodine deficiency of varying degrees is specific to this area. Professor M.M. Kovalev's in-depth study of the causes of goitre in Bukovyna showed that along with iodine deficiency, macro- and micronutrient deficiencies associated with certain regions play an important role. Iodine deficiency promotes goitrogenesis and decreases the secretory capacity of the thyroid gland. As a result of reduced intrathyroid iodine in the gland, diiodothyrosine synthesis decreases and monoiodothyrosine increases, the hormone ratio increases due to an increase in the more biologically active triiodothyronine. This compensates for the euthyroid state against the background iodine deficiency. An adaptive manifestation of iodine deficiency is goitre, considered being the main sign of iodine deficiency; as iodine deficiency or thyroid hormone requirements increase, goiter size increases and more severe forms of thyroopathology develop. Iodine deficiency is common in many countries of the world. The analysis of the research data has shown the multifactorial nature of the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases in children, as well as the significant impact of thyroid disorders on the condition of the human dentition. In this regard, the study of cause-effect relationships between the initial manifestations of thyroid pathology and periodontal tissue changes in children seems relevant and promising in terms of improving methods of diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
Keywords: periodontium, diffuse non-toxic goitre, children.
Publisher
Kharkiv National Medical University
Subject
General Earth and Planetary Sciences,General Environmental Science
Reference35 articles.
1. Zelinska NB, Larin OS. Thyroid disease in the child population in Ukraine. Clinical Endocrinology and Endocrine Surgery. 2016;3(55):76–81. https://doi.org/10.24026/1818-1384.3(55).2016.77617 [in Ukrainian].
2. Turchina SI. Imuno-gormonalni mehanizmi ta faktori riziku nespriyatlivogo perebigu difuznogo netoksichnogo zoba u pubertatnomu periodi [Immuno-hormonal mechanisms and risk factors of the adverse course of diffuse non-toxic goiter in the pubertal period]. Doc Med Sc diss (thesis) abstr, spec. 14.01.14 – Endocrinology. Kharkiv: SI "V.Ya. Danylevsky Institute of Endocrine Pathology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", 2016. 44 p. [In Ukrainian].
3. Vatseba AO. Epidemiology of iodine deficiency disorders in the Carpathian region. Cand Med Sc diss (thesis) abstr, spec. 14.01.14 – Endocrinology. Kyiv: V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, 2004. 20 p. [In Ukrainian].
4. Bocyurko VI, Skripnik NV, Timkiv IV. Problema jodnogo deficitu ta jogo podolannya na Prikarpatti [The problem of iodine deficiency and its overcoming in Prykarpattia]. Problems of endocrine pathology. 2006;3:84–7 [in Ukrainian].
5. Fabri AZ. Ekologo-gigiyenichni aspekti poshirennya endemichnogo zoba v riznih biogeohimichnih zonah Zakarpattya [Ecological and hygienic aspects of the spread of endemic goiter in various biogeochemical zones of Transcarpathia]. Endokrinologiya. 2005;10(1):41–51 [in Ukrainian].