Laboratory and instrumental characteristics of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertension

Abstract

The article defines the clinical-laboratory and clinical-instrumental features of the comorbid course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypertension (HTN). The aim of the study was to determine the clinical, laboratory and instrumental features of the comorbid course of COPD and HTN. The study was carried out in accordance with the existing recommendations of bioethical norms and rules. All patients took part in the study of their own free will with the signing of informed consent. 125 patients aged 18–50 years were examined, who were divided into 3 groups: group I – 48 patients with COPD and HTN, group II – 47 patients with an isolated course of COPD, group III (control) – 30 practically healthy people. Medical and statistical calculation was performed using the IBM SPSS 25.0 software package. Calculated median (Me) levels and their 25.0% (LQ) and 75.0% (UQ) quartiles. The probability of differences was determined using the Man-Whitney U-test with a statistical significance threshold of 0.05 (p=0.05). According to the results of the study, an excess of systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels was significantly stated in comorbidity of COPD and HTN and in patients with isolated COPD. The presence of lymphocytopenia and monocytosis in such patients has been reliably established and significant protein loss in COPD has been determined. Significant predominances of biochemical values of the blood of patients with comorbidity of COPD and HNT and with isolated COPD compared to the control were significantly recorded. Significant decreases in the levels of external respiratory function in COPD (especially in its comorbidity with HNT) were noted and a significant predominance of Caspase-8 levels was determined in the following patients: in comorbidity of COPD and HTN – 3.79 [3.57; 3.84] U/l and in isolated COPD – 3.48 [2.99; 3.72] U/l. Keywords: patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, comorbidity of arterial hypertension, clinical and laboratory characteristics, clinical and instrumental characteristics, caspase-8.