Biological and medical value of antioxidant protection system of the human body

Abstract

The article is devoted to the antioxidant system of the human body in the context of biological and medical significance. The classification of antioxidants in terms of their physical and chemical properties, bioorganic compounds, biochemical effects, mechanisms of implementation of antioxidant protection is presented. The given processes of extreme radical oxidation and mechanisms of antioxidant defense in physiological and pathological conditions. The characteristics of the components of the glutathione system, namely glutathione and enzymes – glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione transferase are presented. Much attention is paid to manganese superoxide dismutase, an antiradical defense enzyme, as a fundamental regulator of cell proliferation, a mediator of metabolism and apoptosis. Interpretation of changes in the antioxidant enzyme of mitochondrial origin from a prognostic point of view is interpreted on the basis of the results of clinical observations carried out by scientists in various human diseases. The expediency of determining manganese superoxide dismutase in clinical practice for the diagnostic search for the direction of the pathological process, the timely detection of complications and the appointment of adequate therapy is emphasized. Keywords: antioxidant system, classification, glutathione system, manganese superoxide dismutase.