Influence of alcohol abuse on the structural and functional condition of the uterine tubes in women of reproductive age

Abstract

Women's health is always the focus of physicians and society. Some physiological features of women's anatomy and physiology determine their specific response to chronic alcohol intoxication, which is better studied for the ovaries, uterus and mammary glands. The study was conducted to examine the effect of excessive long-term alcohol abuse by women of reproductive age on the structural and functional state of their fallopian tubes. The study was based on sectional material from 25 women with chronic alcohol intoxication, with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver, but without other existing comorbidities. Possible destructive-sclerotic changes of the fallopian tubes were studied. It was found that in such women the ampullary section of the fallopian tube is significantly shorter by 7.55%. At the same time, there is also a decrease in the outer diameter in the area of the transition of the isthmus to the ampullary department by 17.62% and a narrowing of the lumen area of the ampullary department by 13.14%. Sclerotic-destructive changes were found in the epithelium and in the muscular layer of the fallopian tube. The relative amount of connective tissue in women of the study group was higher than in women in the control group by about 4 times. Immunohistochemical examination of samples of uterine tube section material was also performed, during which signs of stress adjustment of the fallopian tube under the influence of chronic alcohol intoxication and markers of apoptosis, increased p53 protein activity in the study group (this protein acts as a transcription factor and regulates cells). The study concluded that chronic alcoholism can certainly be a factor that causes a number of pronounced, profound, and sometimes irreversible changes in the structure of the fallopian tubes. Keywords: chronic alcoholism, morphofunctional consequences of intoxication, morphometry, immunohistochemistry.