PERDAS DE SOLO E DE ÁGUA EM DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE MANEJO EM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO

Author:

Santos Stanley Vaz dos,Ferreira Eva De Melo,Griebeler Nori Paulo,Leandro Wilson Mozena

Abstract

O objetivo foi comparar as perdas de água e solo em diferentes sistemas de manejo, bem como determinar parâmetros de clima e de solo que possam estar associados a essas perdas e estimar perdas de solo por meio de modelos matemáticos. A área experimental consiste em 10 parcelas de 20 m2 (10 × 2 m), das quais nove foram trabalhadas inicialmente no sistema de plantio direto (SPD) e uma utilizada no sistema convencional (CO). Nestes moldes foram quantificadas as perdas de solo e água em diferentes safras. No final do segundo ano, das parcelas com SPD, cinco foram mantidas neste sistema, duas foram revolvidas na profundidade de 25 cm e reiniciadas no SPD e, em duas foi utilizado o sistema CO. Antes da utilização como sistema convencional, a parcela CO possuía plantio direto. Nas três safras estudadas o percentual infiltrado foi superior a 93% para o SPD e a 71% para o CO, considerando apenas as chuvas que propiciaram escoamento. As médias das perdas de solo na segunda safra foram de 2,27; 2,51; 14.61; e 14,79 t ha-1 e, de água, de 3,07; 5,51; 14,04; e 10,80 %, respectivamente para os sistemas de manejo SPD, CO e PDI.Palavras-chave: erosão hídrica, modelos de predição, erosividade. SOIL AND WATER LOSSES IN DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN LATOSSOLOVERMELHO ABSTRACT: The objective was to compare soil and water losses in different management systems, as well as determine soil and climate parameters that could be associated with these losses and estimate soil losses through mathematical models. The experimental area consists of 10 plots of 20 m2 (10 × 2 m), of which nine were initially worked in the no-tillage system (SPD) and one in the conventional system (CO). Soils and water losses in different crops were quantified in these models. At the end of the second year, of the plots with SPD, five were kept in this system, two were revolved at 25 cm depth and restarted in the SPD and in two the CO system was used. Prior to use as a conventional system, the CO plot had no-tillage. In the three harvests studied, the percentage infiltrated was greater than 93% for the SPD and 71% for the CO, considering only the rains that caused the runoff. The average soil loss in the second harvest was 2.27; 2.51; 14.61; and 14.79 t ha-1 and, by water, 3.07; 5.51; 14.04; and 10.80%, respectively for the SPD, CO and PDI management systems.Keywords: hydric erosion, models of prediction, erosivity.

Publisher

Nativa

Subject

General Medicine

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