Large and giant medial sphenoid wing meningiomas involving vascular structures: clinical features and management experience in 53 patients

Abstract

Background Large and giant medial sphenoid wing meningiomas that are located deeply in the skull base where they are closely bounded by cavernous sinus, optic nerve, and internal carotid artery make the gross resection hard to achieve. Also, this kind of meningiomas is often accompanied by a series of severe complications. Therefore, it was regarded as a formidable challenge to even the most experienced neurosurgeons. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features and management experience of patients with large and giant medial sphenoid wing meningiomas. Methods In this study, 53 patients (33 female and 20 male, mean age of 47.5 years) with large and giant medial sphenoid wing meningiomas were treated surgically between April 2004 to March 2012, with their clinical features analyzed, management experience collected, and treatment results investigated retrospectively. Results In this study, gross total resection (Simpson I and II) was applied in 44 patients (83%). Fifty-three patients had accepted the routine computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging scan as postoperative neuroradiological evaluation. Their performance showed surgical complications of vascular lesions and helped us evaluate patients’ conditions, respectively. Meanwhile, the drugs resisting cerebral angiospasm, such as Nimodipine, were infused in every postoperative patient through vein as routine. As a result, 11 patients (21%) were found to have secondary injury of cranial nerves II, III, and IV, and nine patients got recovered during the long-term observing follow-up period. Temporary surgical complications of vascular lesions occurred after surgery, such as cerebral angiospasm, ischemia, and edema; 24 patients (45%) appeared to have infarction and dyskinesia of limbs. Overall, visual ability was improved in 41 patients (77%). No patient died during the process. Conclusions Microsurgical treatment may be the most effective method for the large and giant medial sphenoid wing meningiomas. The surgical strategy should focus on survival and postoperative living quality.