1. Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
2. Division of Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
3. Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
4. VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California