2-Octyl cyanoacrylate, a hidden allergen, a common cause of postsurgical allergic contact dermatitis

Abstract

Background: 2-Octyl cyanoacrylate, a topical adhesive used for wound closure, is becoming a common cause for rashes in postsurgical patients. There is an increased number of cases of postsurgical contact dermatitis attributable to 2-octyl cyanoacrylate. Localized skin reactions to 2-octyl cyanoacrylate have been described in different case reports, but there are limited case reports of diffuse cutaneous allergic reactions. Objective: The aim of the study was to review our experience in patch testing with cyanoacrylates. Methods: We reported five cases of allergic contact dermatitis to 2-octyl cyanoacrylate, confirmed by a patch test. All the patients experienced a skin reaction a few days after surgery. The patients described an erythematous pruritic rash initially localized over the incision and that subsequently spread to surrounding areas. Two of the five patients developed a more widespread rash, which required a longer duration of systemic steroids. 2-Octyl cyanoacrylate remains an agent of low diagnostic suspicion as the possible cause of contact dermatitis after a surgical procedure. Results: All the patients, but one had a positive reaction to 2-octyl cyanoacrylate on PT. Four had a positive PT result, with one patient having a positive scratch test after a negative PT result. Testing on abraded skin further increased yield. Conclusion: Postsurgical patients should be evaluated by using a patch test if there is a clinical picture suggestive of contact dermatitis.