Baker's asthma in bread factory workers

Abstract

Background: Baker's asthma (BA) is one of the most common causes of occupational asthma. Prevalence of BA varies from 3 to 24% in various studies; however, in our country, there are not enough data on its prevalence. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate wheat flour sensitivity and to determine the rate of BA in workers at a large bread factory in Ankara. Methods: All steps of the study were carried out in the workplace by the research team who made regular visits to the bread factory. A questionnaire was used to determine the presence of respiratory symptoms and its relation with the occupation. Skin-prick tests and specific immunoglobulin E measurements were performed. Pulmonary function tests and specific inhalation challenges (SIC) were performed to confirm the BA diagnosis. Results: A total of 162 workers (women/men, 3/159; mean ±standard error age, 38.25 ± 7.8 years) were included in the study. Of the 99 workers who described symptoms, 88 (88.8%) had nasal and 57 (57.5%) had lower respiratory symptoms. Sensitivity to wheat flour was present in 23 of the workers (14.2%) among all the workers. Among all the workers, seven (4.32%) were diagnosed with BA and SICs were positive in four (2.46%). Conclusion: Wheat sensitivity was high among the bakers who were exposed to wheat flour; however, the prevalence of BA was quite lower than the previous data in the literature.