Employing Dependency Tree in Machine Learning Based Indonesian Factoid Question Answering

Abstract

We proposed the usage of dependency tree information to increase the accuracy of Indonesian factoid question answering. We employed MSTParser and Universal Dependency corpus to build the Indonesian dependency parser. The dependency tree information as the result of the Indonesian dependency parse is used in the answer finder component of Indonesian factoid question answering system. Here, we used dependency tree information in two ways: 1) as one of the features in machine learning based answer finder (classifying each term in the retrieved passage as part of a correct answer or not); 2) as an additional heuristic rule after conducting the machine learning technique. For the machine learning technique, we combined word based calculation, phrase based calculation and similarity dependency relation based calculation as the complete features. Using 203 data, we were able to enhance the accuracy for the Indonesian factoid QA system compared to related work by only using the phrase information. The best accuracy was 84.34% for the correct answer classification and the best MRR was 0.954.