1. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Paul’s Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan;
2. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan;
3. Contributed equally
4. Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan;
5. Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China;
6. College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan;
7. Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan;
8. Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan;
9. Research Services Center for Health Information, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan;