Vertical Transmission in Pregnancy with COVID-19 For the January–April 2021 Period at the Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease that can infect anyone, including pregnant females, a population that is susceptible to various infections. This has become a challenge because of the risk of vertical transmission and increased foeto-maternal mortality. That authors’ purpose was to present the incidence of pregnancy with COVID-19 and the vertical transmission in pregnancies with COVID-19. Methods: This study used cross-sectional observational research and was carried out at the Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar General Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia, from January–April 2021. The authors used primary data from pregnant females who presented at the hospital with positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 PCR results. Additional instruments included data collection forms and medical records. Results: Based on primary data, a total of 15 pregnant females with COVID-19 were identified from a total of 165 deliveries in that period. The prevalence of COVID-19 events in pregnant females was 9.09%. It was found that the rapid blood antibody results for all infants had non-reactive results for IgM. It can be assessed that the relative risk of transmitting COVID-19 antibodies from mother to foetus is three times (risk ratio: 3.00; 95% confidence interval: 1.56–64.26). One baby was found with reactive examination results so that the prevalence ratio obtained was 11.7 (prevalence ratio: 11.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.63–35.57). Conclusion: The prevalence rate of pregnant females with COVID-19 at the Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital for the period of January–April 2021 was 9.09%. COVID-19 infection in pregnancy can increase the risk of vertical transmission of COVID-19 by 11.7 times compared with pregnancy without COVID-19 infection.