Genomic surveillance and sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in Malaysia

Abstract

This manuscript offers an in-depth review of the genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants in Malaysia, emphasizing the integral role of this surveillance in understanding the virus's evolution and informing public health responses. Leveraging platforms like GISAID, Nextstrain, and the Pangolin classification system, researchers in Malaysia and their global counterparts share genome sequences and clinical data of SARS-CoV-2. These tools, particularly Nextstrain for real-time tracking and visualization of viral evolution, and Pangolin for lineage classification have advanced understanding of significant mutations, such as D614G and N501Y, and their impact on virus transmissibility and pathogenicity. The study of the virus's emergence in Malaysia offers vital insights into its evolutionary trajectories, aiding in effective pandemic management. Malaysia's Genomic Surveillance Program, aligned with national immunization efforts, plays a key role in identifying and controlling COVID-19 spread. This program integrates molecular, epidemiological, and clinical data that helps the health authorities in making a decision that leads to public health intervention and policymaking. This review details the significance of genomic surveillance in Malaysia, emphasizing its impact on understanding viral evolution, monitoring variants, informing public health strategies and responses, and preparing for future infectious disease challenges effectively.