Coexistence of multiple myeloma and chronic myeloleukosis in one patient

Abstract

Intoduction. Multiple myeloma (MM) and chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) are two haematological malignancies developing through tumour transformation of lymphoid and myeloid progenitor cells, respectively, not sharing a common ancestry. Coexistence of the two diseases is extremely rare.Aim. Clinical description of a patient diagnosed with CML in a few months after start of MM therapy.Main findings. We report a clinical case of MM and CML in a 62 years-old female patient. MM was diagnosed newly and followed by 5 VD chemotherapy cycles. Treatment discontinued due to severe polyneuropathy. The patient was transferred to thalidomide maintenance therapy. CML was diagnosed 12 months after initiation of thalidomide therapy: BCR-ABL (p190), BCR-ABL (p210). Since imatinib produced short-term effect, dasatinib therapy was started. Following 16 months after the onset of dasatinib therapy, MM relapse and CML progression were diagnosed.