1. Pear R. H.M.O.'s use a U. S. law as a malpractice shield. New York Times, Nov 17, 1996:15
2. McGinley L. Broad battle to end HMOs' limited liability for treatment-coverage denials gains steam. Wall Street Journal, Jan 12, 1998: A22
3. Swanson S. Patients rights movement targets HMO liability. Chicago Tribune, Mar 14, 1999:1-9
4. Lucey L. The ERISA preemption and managed care. ACR Bulletin 1997; 53(3):23-25
5. Coleman DL. Will health plans keep their ERISA shield? Managed Care, May 1997; 25-26, 35-41