Electrocardiogram in COVID-19 children

Abstract

There are described various variants of the clinical manifestations of coronavirus infection, reflecting the severity of the course of the disease from mild forms to severe acute respiratory syndrome, the development of a multisystem hyperinflammatory syndrome with a high probability of death. There is an understanding that, along with a viral infection, COVID-19 is a cardiorespiratory disease. With the defeat of the respiratory system, violations of the functioning of the cardiovascular system are often recorded. Heart lesions detected in 17–75% of cases are associated with myocardial damage by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. An informative and accessible method of examination for COVID-19 in children is electrocardiography (ECG), used in combination with telemedicine technologies. Long-lasting changes in the structure and function of the heart during convalescence require an individual approach to rehabilitation. The review presents the analysis and interpretation of data on ECG changes in COVID-19 children, discusses the patterns of electrophysiological disorders in COVID-19 children and adults. Conclusion. Effective methods for diagnosing heart lesions in children have not been defined, and the ECG and echocardiography used do not have specific markers for diagnosing cardiac pathology in COVID-19. Therefore, it is necessary to use the available knowledge to optimize the algorithms for the rehabilitation of children in the period of convalescence.