Progress in Research of Asymptomatic Primary Mitral Regurgitation Examination Methods: A Review of Literature

Abstract

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a common valvular heart disease, which can be classified into primary and secondary, according to the cause. Primary mitral regurgitation (PMR) is caused by rheumatic fever, degenerative changes, valve prolapse, etc. The appearance of clinical symptoms has always been the best indicator of surgical intervention in patients with severe PMR, but for asymptomatic patients, the best treatment has been controversial. The choice of follow-up observation or early surgery has different results in different randomized studies. Two-dimensional echocardiography is the most commonly used detection method for evaluating MR, but its evaluation of the degree of reflux may be inaccurate, and there are differences in the outcomes of patients with asymptomatic PMR. Recent studies have shown that three-dimensional echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, speckle-tracking echocardiography, brain natriuretic peptide, and exercise stress test can optimize the timing of surgery for asymptomatic patients and judge the asymptomatic of PMR.