Varroa Destructor Control in Apis Mellifera Bees through Different Lithium Chloride Doses – Implications for Andean High Altitude

Abstract

Objective: The present study evaluated lithium chloride (LiCl) as a potential alternative for the control of the Varroa destructor mite   Theoretical Framework: Beekeeping has taken on enormous relevance worldwide, in fact, the use of bees in experimental studies have revealed the irreversible effects of climate change. Furthermore, Varroa destructor being one of the most feared external parasites, the use of chemicals in the beekeeping industry increases production costs with serious consequences for the environment. At Ecuador's level, given an exuberant honey wealth, small and medium-scale beekeeping has demonstrated significant growth. In the face of a fight against climate change, the search for more efficient and low-carbon alternatives for the control of Varroa destructor is necessary. Consequently, due to the lack of scientific information generated at the country level.   Method: Through a completely randomized design, using 24 hives, different treatments were established and randomly assigned. There is firstly control, without use of LiCl, secondly L1, 94 mM LiCl, thirdly L2, 141 mM LiCl and finally L3, using 189 mM LiCl.   Results and Discussion: The data analyzed under a general linear model yielded that mortality (P < 0.001), infestation (P < 0.001) as well as relative efficacy (P < 0.001) being higher against Varroa destructor when LiCl was administered at concentrations of 141 and 189 mM, respectively.   Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of conservation. These implications could encompass agriculture and livestock.   Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by new Varroa destructor alternatives of control.