Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Analysis Using Ndvi and Savi Indices in the Conservation Unit Serra da Borborema Municipal Nature Park, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil

Abstract

The nature conservation units (UC) are specially protected territorial spaces (ETEP), with creation, implementation and management provided for by Law 9985/2000, which established the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC). Over 28% of the Brazilian territory is set aside for nature conservation, in a universe of over 2,300 established Units. Paraiba, Northeast region, has 15 (fifteen) Protected Units, representing less than 1% of its territory, and the Municipal Natural Park of Serra da Borborema, classified as Full Protection UC, located in the eastern part of the city of Campina Grande, at coordinates Lat. (S) 07º23'250" and Log. (W) 35º84'331", is the only local UC.   Objective: to analyze the vegetation cover of the Park through the: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), in the period from June to September 2020.   Theoretical Frame: It was used citations and authors, respecting the quadrennium 2019 and 2022, being the main ones listed here: Ministry of Environment, WWF, IUCN, IBAMA and, Felix-Trigueiro & Fontgalland, favoring the understanding of concepts related to the protected area and the environmental conservation in the Poeta's Park in Campina Grande -Brazil, and the studies of Ponzoni et al.  for the weighting of the derivations of sensorial studies of vegetation.   Method: two forms of index analysis were proposed: data and geoprocessed images from LandSat8 satellite, provided by the US Geological Survey - USGS, using Qgis 3.10 software.   Results and Conclusions: despite the difference in the representation of minimum and maximum values between the indices evaluated in the thematic maps, as a result, the NDVI and SAVI vegetation indices were close to 1, so that it can be inferred that from the analysis of the biophysical resource "vegetation cover" of the locality, it can allow the conservation of the area for the maintenance of its ecosystem services available to the region, despite the anthropic pressure suffered at the site.   Implications of the research: The research is classified as extremely appropriate to the interests of the Post-graduate Program of the Federal University of Campina Grande and also corroborates as literature for other research groups in the Northeast that are involved with protected areas and analysis of vegetation index.    Originality and value: The work is pointed out as essential because its differential are the analyses through NDVI and SAVI indexes adapted to the complex of the poet's park in Campina Grande-Brazil.